Glossary

Association Française de NORmalisation (AFNOR) https://normalisation.AFNOR.org/

According to theISO 8004-1 (2023): set of weakly or moderately bonded particles, whose resulting external surface area is similar to the sum of the surface areas of each of the individual components.

According to theISO 8004-1 (2023): particle composed of strongly bonded or fused particles, whose resulting external surface area is significantly smaller than the sum of the surface areas of each of the individual components. individual components

ASTM International, formerly the American Society for Testing and Materials, is a standards organization that writes and produces technical standards for materials, products, systems and services. It was founded in 1898 in the United States. https://www.ASTM.org/

European Committee for Standardization https://www.cencenelec.eu/about-CEN/

The median value of the number size distribution is the particle size that divides the particle population into two groups containing an equal number of particles.

International Organization for Standardization: https://www.ISO.org/en/home.html

According to theISO 8004-1 (2023): discrete portion of material with one, two or all three external dimensions on the nanometric scale.

There are several definitions of a nanomaterial. According to theISO 8004-1: material with an external dimension on the nanometric scale or with an internal structure or surface structure on the nanometric scale. According to European definition recommendation C(2022) 3689: "Nanomaterial" means a natural, accidentally formed or manufactured material consisting of solid particles that are present either individually or as identifiable constituent particles in aggregates or agglomerates, with at least 50 % of these particles, in numerical size distribution, meeting at least one of the following conditions: (a) one or more external dimensions of the particle are in the range 1 nm to 100 nm; (b) the particle has an elongated shape, such as that of a rod, fiber or tube, with two external dimensions less than 1 nm and the other greater than 100 nm; (c) the particle is plate-shaped, with one external dimension less than 1 nm and the other dimensions greater than 100 nm. To determine the numerical particle size distribution, it is not necessary to consider particles with at least two orthogonal external dimensions greater than 100 μm. However, a material with a specific surface area by volume of less than 6 m2/cm3 is not considered to be a nanomaterial. Full text: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/FR/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX32022H061401

According to theISO 8004-1 (2023): nano-objects and their aggregates and agglomerates material composed of nano-objects and their aggregates and agglomerates

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development https://www.oecd.org/fr/

According to theISO 8004-1 (2023): identifiable component forming an integral part of a larger particle According to European definition recommendation C(2022) 3689: the smallest indivisible unit of a particle. Agglomeration/Aggregate

Register of online declarations of nanoparticulate substances in France. https://www.R-Nano.fr/

REACh is a European regulation (regulation n°1907/2006) which came into force in 2007 to secure the manufacture and use of chemical substances in European industry. https://echa.europa.eu/fr/regulations/REACh/understanding-REACh

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The specific surface area of a material or (VSSA (volume specific surface area) represents the total surface area per unit mass and is expressed in m²/g.